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PEOPLE

Language
Serb, Croat and Bosnian (all official)
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	3.8 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	4.0 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	3.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	3.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	3.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	3.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	3.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	3.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	3.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates

2050est	3.2 million	U.N. DESA (2004)
2050	3.0 million	U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
Muslim Slavs (Bosnian) 49 percent, Orthodox Serbs 31 percent, Catholic Croats 17 percent. Serbs are a majority in northeast Bosnia and the Croats are a majority in the west in Herzegovina.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Muslim, Christian Orthodox and Roman Catholic
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	46.9 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	46.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	45.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	45.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	44.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	44.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	43.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	43.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1946
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available

Percentage of population under 15

2005	17.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	16.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	17.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	17.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	18.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available percent

USEFUL INFORMATION

Time zone
GMT +1

Climate description
Continental climate, but moderate because of the country's proximity to the Adriatic coast.

Currency
Marka

Telephone dialling code
(+) 387

Driving (left/right)
Right

STANDARD OF LIVING

Average life expectancy

2005	74.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	74.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	74.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	74 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	73.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available years

Life expectancy - male

2005	71.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	71.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	71.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	71.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	71.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available years

Life expectancy - female

2005	77.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	77.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	76.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	76.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	76.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available years

Infant mortality

2007	13 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	13 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	13 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	13 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	14 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	15 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	15 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available per 1,000 live births

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	14 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	15 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	15 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	15 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	17 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	18 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	18 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available per 1,000 live births

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	No data available percent

Maternal mortality

2005	3 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	31 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	66	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	62	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	68	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	66	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	66	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	2 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	2 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	4 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	4 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	No data available percent

Percentage of undernourished population

2003-2005	<5 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average	9 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	9 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	99 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	97 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	98 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	No data available percent

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	95 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	95 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	93 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Literacy - average

2004	96.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	94.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	94.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

Literacy - male

2004	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	98.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	98.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

Literacy - female

2004	94.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	91.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	91.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

Landlines telephones

2008	273 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	282 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	262 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	256 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	252 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	248 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	239 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	226 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	211 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	843 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	649 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	499 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	422 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	372 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	284 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	198 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	119 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	25 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Internet users

2008	332 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	268 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	243 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	206 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	150 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	38 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	26 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	12 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	10 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	92 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	84 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	93 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	88 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	82 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	70 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	Not ranked
2001	Not ranked
2000	Not ranked

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

ECONOMY & AID

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
No data available percent

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	3790 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	3340 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	3000 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	2550 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	2040 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	1750 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	1600 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	1520 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	15.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	12.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	10.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	10.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	8.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	6.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	5.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	5.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	6.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	5.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	6.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	4.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	5.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	4.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	5.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	6.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	6.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	2.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	2.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	1.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	5.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	4.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	24.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
3.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
21.4 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

HEALTH

Physicians

2000-2004	134 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	134 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	145 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	140 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	<0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	No data available percent
2005	No data available percent
2004	No data available percent
2003	No data available percent

Malaria
No Risk
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	51 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	52 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	52 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	53 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	55 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	56 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	58 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	63 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Number of refugees originating here

2008	74131	UNHCR
2007	78273	UNHCR
2006	199946	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	109930	UNHCR
2004	229339	UNHCR
2003	300006	UNHCR
2002	406448	UNHCR
2001	447321	UNHCR
2000	504981	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2008	7257	UNHCR
2007	7367	UNHCR
2006	10318	UNHCR
2005	10568	UNHCR
2004	22215	UNHCR
2003	22517	UNHCR
2002	28022	UNHCR
2001	32745	UNHCR
2000	38152	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

2009	124593	Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2009
2008	124958	IDMC 2008
2007	132000	IDMC 2008
2006	180000	IDMC 2006
2005	183400	IDMC 2006

Landmine casualties per year

2007	30	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2006	35	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2004	43	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	54	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	1.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	2.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	2.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	No data available percent
2001	9.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on education
No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	4.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	4.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	4.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	2.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	3.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003