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PEOPLE

Language
The official language is Portuguese. Most of the population speaks Bantu languages such as Swahili and Macoa-Lomne.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	22.9 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	20.9 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	20.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	20.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	20.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	19.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	19.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	18.7 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	18.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
44.1 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
Makua 47 percent, Tsonga 23 percent. There are Malawi, Shona, Swahili, Yao and Makonde minorities.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
The rural population largely practises traditional religions, while most of the urban population is either Christian or Muslim.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	36.1 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	35.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	34.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	33.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	33.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	32.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	31.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	30.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1975
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2007)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	44.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	44.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	44.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	44.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	44.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	43.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

USEFUL INFORMATION

Time zone
GMT +2

Climate description
Tropical, the coastal lowlands warm and hot for most of the year, mild and warm in the interior plateaux and hills even in the cooler season between April and September. A single rainy season between December and March. Oppressive humidity in some lowland areas during the rainy season

Currency
Meticais

Telephone dialling code
(+) 258

Driving (left/right)
Left

STANDARD OF LIVING

Average life expectancy

2005	42.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	41.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	41.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	38.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	39.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	39.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	42.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	41.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	41.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	36.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	37.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	38.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	43.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	42.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	42.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	40.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	40.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	40.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2007	115 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	96 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	100 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	104 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	109 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	125 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	125 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	126 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	168 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	138 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	145 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	152 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	158 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	197 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	200 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	44 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	44 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	44 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	520 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	1000 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	172	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	No data available
2003	168	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	171	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	170	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	170	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	24 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	24 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	24 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	24 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	24 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	26 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	26 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	26 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2003-2005	38 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average	44 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	45 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	42 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	43 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	42 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	57 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	31 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	32 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	27 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	43 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	No data available percent
2003	46.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	46.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	45.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	44.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	No data available percent
2003	62.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	62.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	61.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	60.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	No data available percent
2003	31.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	31.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	30.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	28.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2008	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	5 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	5 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	197 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	151 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	110 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	72 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	35 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	22 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	13 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	8 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Internet users

2008	16 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	9 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	9 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	9 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	7 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	126 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	111 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	99 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	97 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	90 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	86 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	Not ranked
2001	Not ranked
2000	81	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

ECONOMY & AID

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	36.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	37.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	37.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	37.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	37.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	330 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	310 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	290 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	260 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	7.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	7.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	6.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	5.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	4.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	4.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	4.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	4.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	8.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	8.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	7.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	6.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	8.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	11.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	1.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	6.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	7.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	8.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	7.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	5.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	8.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	14.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	12.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
2.1 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
39.4 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

HEALTH

Physicians

2000-2004	3 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	3 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	2 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	6 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	12.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	12.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	12.2 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	11.9 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	11.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	431 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	443 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	454 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	460 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	455 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	436 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	408 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	378 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Number of refugees originating here

2008	208	UNHCR
2007	222	UNHCR
2006	231	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	104	UNHCR
2004	104	UNHCR
2003	111	UNHCR
2002	No data available
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Number of refugees residing here

2008	3163	UNHCR
2007	2767	UNHCR
2006	2558	UNHCR
2005	1954	UNHCR
2004	623	UNHCR
2003	311	UNHCR
2002	No data available
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2007	47	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2006	35	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2004	30	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	14	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	0.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	1.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	1.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	3.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	No data available percent
1999-2001	2.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	2.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	2.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	2.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	4.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	4.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	2.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003